6.5" from front edge of sub cab to front of baffle, same on rear side of baffle.... increasing that distance will allow for a bit more SPL ( not needed) but decrease how high they will play.
And yes, you can lay them own on their sides horizontally, there are nulls to the "sides" so it works fine. You can drive up to 3 SW12 16FR's per amplifier so keep that in mind when planning a cabinet
Tweeter height is going to depend on how well your speakers perform off axis vs on axis ( vertically).
Witht he entire NX series, the vertical off axis is exellent, tweeter ehight is not a concern..... in fact, I personally like the slightly "higher than normal" tweeter height as it seems to raise the soundstage a bit to a more reallistic leve