A parallel question: When does one use a passive or an active amplifier control?
There is no reason to debate which one is better. It's 100% application specific.
Passive set ups are more conducive to digital sources, though this is a generalisation. It is certainly possible to put together a vinyl system that does not use an active preamp, but it would call for a phono pre with a substantial output. I'm not sure if such a creature exists, as its just not an interest of mine.
It depends, primarily, on whether ones sources have enough output to drive an amp, and how many of those sources need controlling. As most of my sources are digital, it was relatively easy for me to determine what kind of DAC would fulfill the role in a passive setup. The preference for a passive system was not an arbitrary decision. It was a journey of many years listening to , and owning, many different kinds of components that drove my decision to go passive.