I would say in 99% of the cases, no.  An interconnect is made up of a much smaller gauge wire than speaker cables, which wouldn't be sufficient enough to handle the greater current a speaker cable would see.  This would be a fire hazard.
Further, typical interconnects are made differently than speaker cables.  They usually are a single conductor with a braided shield.  The conductor is the positive connection and the braid is the negative.  On the other hand, a speaker cable is usually 2 conductors (or multiple conductors), with one conductor(s) going to the positive and the other conductor(s) going to the negative.
By the way, welcome to AC!   

Paul