The depth of the phase grate diffusor determines the low freq diffusion limit, while the narrowness of the cells determines the high freq limit. Random element heights make it diffuse without lobing. You have none of those factors in the cork board, so no diffusion. Cork is soft but is not permeable to air pressure so there is no absorption, except maybe a tiny amount by turbulent friction in the spaces between the corks.
If you keep drinking wine enough to get more corks, you can start gluing them together in a way that does diffuse sound, like
this. Don't forget to leave some places empty to get extra depth.