Yes, dust accumulates in the interior and can cause components to run hotter than normal. I usually disconnect all of the cables and take the box outside to blow out the dust with a can of compressed air.
I also send air into the interior vents of the power supply to blow out dust in the supply through it's exterior vents, and send air in both directions through any fans. It shouldn't really take any more than a couple of minutes and 1/4 can of air or less, and I do this about twice a year.
I once saw a PC's power supply smoke and shut down, and inspection revealed the power supply was chock full of dust bunnies. This particular computer had never been cleaned over it's service life of 4+ years in a fairly dusty environment.
Steve