There are a few tables with USB out, although it's not the norm... The analog to digital conversion built into these tables is probably not the best, would make the tables too pricy. Probably why your friend got better results doing the conversion with his sound card. Would depend on the quality of the sound card... For a person who has a laptop with no line-in jack or really crummy built in sound and no way to add a better sound card... a USB turntable might come in handy.
There's the Ion table with USB out... Inexpensive, functional, easy to use... Sound quality is a bit lacking and there's no dust cover included. If the best sound quality isn't important to you and you need a USB interface... Go that route and keep it simple.
http://www.amazon.com/Ion-iTTUSB-Turntable-USB-Record/dp/B000BUEMOO/ref=pd_bbs_sr_2/102-5930006-8634507?ie=UTF8&s=electronics&qid=1188707713&sr=1-2My favorite table in your price-range is the Audio Technica. It's put together really well for the price. The tonearm shape is suitable for "just listening"... not just DJ "scratching". High-end it's not, but it's certainly not junk either. Many consumer reviews from happy customers.
http://www.amazon.com/Audio-Technica-AT-PL120-Professional-Direct-Drive-Turntable/dp/B00012EYNG/ref=pd_bbs_sr_1/102-5930006-8634507?ie=UTF8&s=electronics&qid=1188707272&sr=1-1The above table has no USB out, but has a built-in phono preamp so it may be plugged into receivers without a special input marked "phono" and it will work fine plugged into any computer sound card with a "line in" input. You would need a stereo 1/8" plug to dual RCA jacks adapter for this.
http://cgi.ebay.com/STEREO-3-5-MM-A-V-Y-CABLE-3-5MM-TO-2-DUAL-RCA-FEMALE_W0QQitemZ140153835668QQihZ004QQcategoryZ32833QQssPageNameZWDVWQQrdZ1QQcmdZViewItem I think the sound would be much better using this setup than what you would get with the USB Ion. The AT table is better and the included cartridge better sounding. Although, it does track a little heavy and you might want to replace it eventually to be kinder to your records. This table is worthy of putting a decent cartridge on. Maybe an AT95E http://www.lpgear.com/Merchant2/merchant.mvc?Screen=PROD&Store_Code=LG&Product_Code=ATC95E Garage A' Records has this cartridge for $10.00 less, but I can't link to a particular page on their site the way it's set up.
http://www.garage-a-records.com/index.phpI would say the Audio Technica Table is about the same quality as your friend's Stanton, but without a built-in USB interface (which your friend found out isn't the highest quality anyway). Actually, I like the cartridge on the AT a little better and it comes with a dust cover too. Add a separate USB interface if you require one (see below), and the price is still far less than the Stanton table goes for.
If your sound card / computer has no line-in jack or you're not happy with the quality of the built-in sound... You could buy a separate USB interface like this one
http://www.zzounds.com/item--BEHUCA202 Wouldn't need any adapter cable. The turntable would plug right in.
I'm using an M-Audio Audiophile 2496 internal PCI sound card in my desktop to record with. Recording / playback is beyond excellent through this card. It's a music / recording oriented card. It bypasses the evil Windows Mixer. It has RCA ins and outs and also digital ins and outs. This is only a 2 channel card and I don't believe there are drivers for Vista... It will pass through Dolby Digital through the coaxial digital output to be decoded by an AV receiver.
http://www.zzounds.com/prodsearch?q=m-audio+2496&form=search I recently heard a vinyl transfer done using one of M-Audio's 5.1 or 7.1 cards ("Revolution") and it sounded great too.
Finally... A recommendation for recording and track splitting software. The Ion and Stanton tables include "Audacity" which is freeware anyone can download and use with any sound card or USB interface. It's a full-blown audio recorder and editor for free. It can do just about anything that can be done with audio. I've found a program called "CD Wave" that's made especially for recording from vinyl or cassette and splitting the songs into tracks that's WAY, WAY QUICKER and easier to use. Anyone who does vinyl transfers will like this. You can easily save your tracks as CD quality wav, FLAC, OGG or MP3... No click and pop filter though. I've never had much luck with them anyway. Always seemed to strip the "life" from the music...
http://www.milosoftware.com/cdwave/index.htmlWell... I hope all this has helped somehow...

Good luck!!! I hope whatever you choose works out well for you. Let us know how it works out or if you need help with setup...