I certainly would not use my best cartridges (or cartridge tips),to play this type of record. I do have cartridge tips (lower priced but still good quality), to do what you did for your brother. To answer your question. Years ago, I did have a tip pop off while bouncing through or over a record which had one of these deep scratches. Can I say for sure, that it was this scratch that caused the tip to separate itself from the cantilever? No. But I do not plan on pressing my luck with that possibility again!
If your cartridge is a M/M, then buy yourself a cheap replacement stylus and use it for the playing of these damaged records.
The problem with damaging a diamond tip is that you may not realize it is damaged until 'after' you have played several of your very good records. You will have damaged those records without knowing you were doing so.