Bias Question

0 Members and 1 Guest are viewing this topic. Read 7477 times.

Captainhemo

Bias Question
« on: 2 Jun 2013, 07:54 pm »
Hi Folks
I have a  Jolida JD302CRC that is spec'd to have the bias set at 400mv.
For now,  I have   a set of Sovtek EL34 and a set of Shuguang EL34-B's for output tubes.
The Sovteks bias fine at 400mv  and all is fine... however,  when I try to bias the Shuguangs at 400,  the amp shuts down.   I tolked to the original owner and he said  he ran the Shuguang's with the bias set to 300mv.  When I set them to 300, it is fine   but to get it to 300,  I do have to turn the pots  way up from the setting of the  Sovtteks.
The Shuguangs are supposed to only  have had abouot 30 hrs on them  when  I picked up the amp,  I have since put   abouot 100  additional hrs on them.
Did some searchs  but couldn't find anything about  the Shuguangs needing to be bias'd at a lower   setting.   I did however find  a couple posts over at audio asylum saying that running  the bias lower than  10% from stpec can damage the tubes or even the amp.

Has anyone heard  of this with the Shuguang's or do I possibly have a bad set of tubes ?
Am I putting my amp at risk running them at  a bias of 300mv ?

Appreciate any input  /insight   

-jay
« Last Edit: 3 Jun 2013, 07:00 am by Captainhemo »

Ericus Rex

Re: Bias Question
« Reply #1 on: 3 Jun 2013, 03:39 pm »
I think you're original post of biasing to 30-40 volts was correct.  Driver/input tubes are usually biased somewhere around 6V so 300-400 mV is super-way low for power tubes.

I think it's a better idea to monitor plate current and adjust bias to reach a particular reading (usually 30-40 mA for EL34) instead of setting the tube to a particular bias voltage, current be damned.  You can get a tube scout form tubedepot.com...

http://tubedepot.com/bt-bias-scout.html

...and easily monitor current and adjust bias accordingly.  There are also some offered by amp-head...

http://www.amp-head.com/index.php?cPath=21

...that are a little more expensive but test two tubes at a time plus tell you plate voltage.  Either will work fine with you dmm.  Your decision.

If you still have a problem with the amp shutting down after using these bias tools then you've either got a bum tube or a problem with your amp.

Best of luck and keep us informed!

carusoracer

Re: Bias Question
« Reply #2 on: 3 Jun 2013, 05:05 pm »
I have the same amp albeit mine is slightly modded. I could not get great sound out of the Sovteks that came with the Amp so I do not remember the bias point.

The Shuguangs are pretty indestructible. I bias them between 31.5- 32.8 according to ear.

When I put in my Treasure 6CA7's the bias point initially is dramatically different and yes I have to turn the pots way down. They seem to like about 32.5 for my rig.

FWIW, I did not like the sound of the tubes biased above 33- 34 ma IMHO.

Good luck and try biasing by ear to your tastes.

mgalusha

Re: Bias Question
« Reply #3 on: 3 Jun 2013, 05:47 pm »
The Jolida uses 1R resistors for the bias measurement, so if you read 300mV for the bias that is 300mA and likely incorrect. It should be a direct correlation of mV to mA since the resistor is 1R, at least that is what is shown on the schematic. If they are 10R resistors, then it would be 300mV = 30mA.

mgalusha

Re: Bias Question
« Reply #4 on: 3 Jun 2013, 05:53 pm »
I wrote this for a gentlemen about 5 years ago, might be of help.

Jolida 302B biasing information.


The Jolida manual suggests a value of 40mV as measured at the test points. I disagree.

I did a bit of research and from what I read it's suggested to set the bias between 60 and 70% of the tubes maximum dissipation, not exceeding 70%. An EL34 has a max of 25W (so pushing this amp to 50W with EL34's is working them awfully hard) and 70% of that makes the maximum dissipation 17.5W (for bias purposes).

I believe they are running the plates at about 490V (calculated, didn't measure it), which makes 70% bias 35.7mV and 60% bias 30.6mV. Obviously 40mV is going to be pushing the tubes pretty hard and may reduce their lifespan.

For my tests and listening I set them to 32mA to put them in the middle of this range. From what I heard I had no desire to try and bias them hotter. You can if you like but tube life should be better if you bias them to about 32/33mV.

Regarding the KT-88, the Jolida manual suggests a bias point of 50mV. This works out to a plate dissipation of 24.5W, which is just over 61%, so the tubes should last a long time at this setting. Interestingly they suggest biasing the EL34 too high and the KT-88 at the low end. A bias point of 53mV will put you at 65% of maximum plate dissipation which should be a very nice spot.

When setting the bias use a screwdriver with an insulated handle. While the adjustment pots are isolated it’s always possible for them to fail. Using an insulated screwdriver will ensure safety. The setting procedure is well described in the Jolida manual but I suggest connecting the negative meter lead to one of the speaker negative terminals, it does not matter which one. This will leave your hands free for making the adjustment and removes the risk of shorting the probes together. Be sure to always have a load connected to the amp when it’s powered on. Either speakers or load resistors. It is possible to destroy the output transformers if they are unloaded.

--- CAUTION ---
When adjusting the bias pots use very small movements. They are very sensitive and it’s very easy to overshoot the adjustment.

When changing tubes, turn the bias pots down slightly before powering the amp up with new tubes, this will ensure they are not running too hard as all tubes vary. Allow the amp to warm up for 5 minutes before setting the bias and then again after it has been on for 15 – 20 minutes. Once set I suggest checking it from time to time, perhaps monthly unless of course you change tubes.

Grounding

Always, always, always use a power cord with a grounding pin and plug the amp into a grounded outlet. There is nearly 500 volts on tap inside the amplifier and if something fails and the chassis were to become energized there is easily enough voltage and current present to kill. There is a “ground lift” switch on the back of the amplifier between the fuse and power inlet. This allows the circuit ground to be connected or disconnected from the chassis (safety) ground.

The circuit ground is disconnected (lifted) when the switch is in the up position. Be sure to try it both ways, the results will vary depending on system configuration. There is no right or wrong setting. Right is whatever is quieter and sounds the best. Please note the safety ground is never disconnected and this switch does not compromise safety in any way.

Captainhemo

Re: Bias Question
« Reply #5 on: 3 Jun 2013, 05:57 pm »
I think you're original post of biasing to 30-40 volts was correct.  Driver/input tubes are usually biased somewhere around 6V so 300-400 mV is super-way low for power tubes.

I think it's a better idea to monitor plate current and adjust bias to reach a particular reading (usually 30-40 mA for EL34) instead of setting the tube to a particular bias voltage, current be damned.  You can get a tube scout form tubedepot.com...

http://tubedepot.com/bt-bias-scout.html

...and easily monitor current and adjust bias accordingly.  There are also some offered by amp-head...

http://www.amp-head.com/index.php?cPath=21

...that are a little more expensive but test two tubes at a time plus tell you plate voltage.  Either will work fine with you dmm.  Your decision.

If you still have a problem with the amp shutting down after using these bias tools then you've either got a bum tube or a problem with your amp.

Best of luck and keep us informed!

Hi,  thanks for the response.  I will look int othe  tube scouts at the links y9 provided.
I checked in the  manual and it does say 400mv  "the manual bias setting is 400 millivolts +/- 50 mV".  The readings are taken via the test ports  on the top panel which has a corresponding terminal for each  power tube along with a common  ground  (I'm sure most amps  have the same setup, I'm  just not sure as this is my first  tube amp). I did read somewhere  about the  seemingly high  value (400 vs 40)  and  it was mentioned that it had to do with how the  test ports where wired ?  I'm assuming tht these  ports are only for measuring  the voltage and   not the current ? Sorry for the  dumb questions but I guess that is how   we learn :)
The amp also has "EZ Bias" which is simply an LED  for each  power tube  which comes on once the proper voltage is reached when adjusting the pot

With the Sovteks installed,    I have them bias'd at .410 V or 410mV and the  LED's are on.   Had the Shuguangs at .300 V or 300 mV and it was fine but when  I tied to increase to 400mV, thats when the amp shuts down.
I am assuming it must be the tubes as the  Sovteks seem to work fine

Maybe this evening I will re install the Shuguangs and see if I can get  them to 350mV without the shutdown occuring which would put them within the +/-  of the recommened setting.


-jay

mgalusha

Re: Bias Question
« Reply #6 on: 3 Jun 2013, 06:21 pm »
I did read somewhere  about the  seemingly high  value (400 vs 40)  and  it was mentioned that it had to do with how the  test ports where wired ?  I'm assuming tht these  ports are only for measuring  the voltage and   not the current ? Sorry for the  dumb questions but I guess that is how   we learn :)
The amp also has "EZ Bias" which is simply an LED  for each  power tube  which comes on once the proper voltage is reached when adjusting the pot

It's nearly certain your amp has 10R resistors for measuring the bias, so 400mV = 40mA, which is pretty high for an EL-34 IMO.

Captainhemo

Re: Bias Question
« Reply #7 on: 3 Jun 2013, 06:41 pm »
I wrote this for a gentlemen about 5 years ago, might be of help.

Jolida 302B biasing information.


The Jolida manual suggests a value of 40mV as measured at the test points. I disagree.

I did a bit of research and from what I read it's suggested to set the bias between 60 and 70% of the tubes maximum dissipation, not exceeding 70%. An EL34 has a max of 25W (so pushing this amp to 50W with EL34's is working them awfully hard) and 70% of that makes the maximum dissipation 17.5W (for bias purposes).

I believe they are running the plates at about 490V (calculated, didn't measure it), which makes 70% bias 35.7mV and 60% bias 30.6mV. Obviously 40mV is going to be pushing the tubes pretty hard and may reduce their lifespan.

For my tests and listening I set them to 32mA to put them in the middle of this range. From what I heard I had no desire to try and bias them hotter. You can if you like but tube life should be better if you bias them to about 32/33mV.

Regarding the KT-88, the Jolida manual suggests a bias point of 50mV. This works out to a plate dissipation of 24.5W, which is just over 61%, so the tubes should last a long time at this setting. Interestingly they suggest biasing the EL34 too high and the KT-88 at the low end. A bias point of 53mV will put you at 65% of maximum plate dissipation which should be a very nice spot.

When setting the bias use a screwdriver with an insulated handle. While the adjustment pots are isolated it’s always possible for them to fail. Using an insulated screwdriver will ensure safety. The setting procedure is well described in the Jolida manual but I suggest connecting the negative meter lead to one of the speaker negative terminals, it does not matter which one. This will leave your hands free for making the adjustment and removes the risk of shorting the probes together. Be sure to always have a load connected to the amp when it’s powered on. Either speakers or load resistors. It is possible to destroy the output transformers if they are unloaded.

--- CAUTION ---
When adjusting the bias pots use very small movements. They are very sensitive and it’s very easy to overshoot the adjustment.

When changing tubes, turn the bias pots down slightly before powering the amp up with new tubes, this will ensure they are not running too hard as all tubes vary. Allow the amp to warm up for 5 minutes before setting the bias and then again after it has been on for 15 – 20 minutes. Once set I suggest checking it from time to time, perhaps monthly unless of course you change tubes.

Grounding

Always, always, always use a power cord with a grounding pin and plug the amp into a grounded outlet. There is nearly 500 volts on tap inside the amplifier and if something fails and the chassis were to become energized there is easily enough voltage and current present to kill. There is a “ground lift” switch on the back of the amplifier between the fuse and power inlet. This allows the circuit ground to be connected or disconnected from the chassis (safety) ground.

The circuit ground is disconnected (lifted) when the switch is in the up position. Be sure to try it both ways, the results will vary depending on system configuration. There is no right or wrong setting. Right is whatever is quieter and sounds the best. Please note the safety ground is never disconnected and this switch does not compromise safety in any way.

mgalusha
Very helpful info, thank you very much.
I am definitely going to re-install the Shuguangs and will try to bias  at 320 mV .  They actaully sounded not bad at 300 but after reading  the post on  Audio Asylum  saying setting the bias at more than 10% below spec could possibly damage the amp had me worried  ....  I also  asked  "thetubsote: about his and they said   it would not damage the amp.   figured it was better to be safe  than sorry  which is why I  decided to  investigate.
I do use an insulated screwdriver   and   always have the  speakers connected, that was very well documented in the Jolida manual.   Clipping the - lead of the meter to one of the  -  speaker  terminals is a good idea :)
I think it may have been  your  write up I previ9ously had read about the  1R/10R resistors being used for the bias measurment ports., makes sense .


carusoracer , do you also have the  CRC version of the 302 ?   I know the C version   does have the factory upgraded Clarity caps, carbon resistors, ugraded  diodes and  pots which all supposed to improve sound quality.  If you do have the C vesion,  what  additional mods/upgrades did youperforkm ?
I'd love to   try the  Shuguang Treasure 6CA7's but I put a lot of hours on so  the cost    just isn't feasable.  I'm actually considering tryin the  JJ 6CA7's or the  JJ KT77's as they would seem to be a very cost effective  solution   especailly now that  the QC issues seem to be resolved.

-jay
« Last Edit: 3 Jun 2013, 09:08 pm by Captainhemo »

Captainhemo

Re: Bias Question
« Reply #8 on: 3 Jun 2013, 06:45 pm »
It's nearly certain your amp has 10R resistors for measuring the bias, so 400mV = 40mA, which is pretty high for an EL-34 IMO.

Yp,  what  you posted aboue makes sens,  I just keep  getting delayed in my responses.

-jay

Captainhemo

Re: Bias Question
« Reply #9 on: 4 Jun 2013, 07:39 pm »
Put the Shuguangs back in bias'd them to a reading of  325mV and they are working great

Unfortuenately,  the CRC version  doesn't have the   "ground lift"  switch on the rear  of the amp. I wish it did as I have a bad ground lop hum issue.  Using a cheater plug totally eliminates it but like   mentiioned,  I don't want to use that due to safety reasons .  The CRC version does have a  ground lug one the rear, I am going to have to run  ground wires to each   of my other  components and see if that  does the trick.  All of the other components  only  have the  2 prong polarized plugs, everything but the sub is plugged into the same  outlet (sub is too far away)

-jay

carusoracer

Re: Bias Question
« Reply #10 on: 3 Jul 2013, 02:37 pm »
Sorry missed your post.

My amp has Mundorf Supreme Caps, change in resistors, and it does have a ground lift switch.

I use it in the bedroom so I'm not nearly as critical as the big rig. The amp is driving a decent load 88db @ 8ohm pair of Gallo 3.1's.  It will put out the advertised rating. Pretty good amps that respond to minor changes.

Captainhemo

Re: Bias Question
« Reply #11 on: 3 Jul 2013, 07:43 pm »
Sorry missed your post.

My amp has Mundorf Supreme Caps, change in resistors, and it does have a ground lift switch.

I use it in the bedroom so I'm not nearly as critical as the big rig. The amp is driving a decent load 88db @ 8ohm pair of Gallo 3.1's.  It will put out the advertised rating. Pretty good amps that respond to minor changes.

Is yours the "C" version  or one of the earlier  ones ?   I've noticed that in both the pinted and digital  manuals ("C" version), there is no  ground  lift switch shown on the back panel  diagram
I have taken care of the  ground loop issue  and am  running  the proper  cord with no cheater plug again.  Turned out to the the  coax calbe to my  PVR which isn't even directly connected to the amp but unforunately,  has to be   on the same circuit. Running a   ground wire from  the ground lug on the amp to the  coax connection completely eliminated it

I have  settled on  a bias reading  of 325mv ( 32.5mv  actual) with the Shuguang EL34-B  and have had no issues.   I am considering  rolling in a  quad  of JJ KT77's one of these days for comparison.  Anyone tried these with their Jolida ?  I'm  assuming these would  need to be biased  closer to  a reading of 400 mv (40 mv actual).

I have mine driving a pair of  GR Research OB7's  and really like the combo

-jay


raindance

Re: Bias Question
« Reply #12 on: 17 Jul 2013, 10:03 pm »
Last I heard you could not damage an amp by under biasing tubes.

Ericus Rex

Re: Bias Question
« Reply #13 on: 18 Jul 2013, 12:00 am »
Post deleted as we are clearly talking about two entirely separate things.  Sorry for the confusion.
« Last Edit: 18 Jul 2013, 12:29 pm by Ericus Rex »

raindance

Re: Bias Question
« Reply #14 on: 18 Jul 2013, 12:22 am »
Utter nonsence. You never heard of ohms law? I = V/R

Current through a resistance is proportional to voltage across it.

This kind of misinformation is why I get to repair stuff all the time.

Captainhemo

Re: Bias Question
« Reply #15 on: 18 Jul 2013, 12:29 am »
I think you   just threw me for a loop Eric   :scratch:

Isn't  I = V  ?   Wouldn't increasing   bias voltage   also  increase the current ?
              R 

-jay

Captainhemo

Re: Bias Question
« Reply #16 on: 18 Jul 2013, 12:31 am »
Utter nonsence. You never heard of ohms law? I = V/R

Current through a resistance is proportional to voltage across it.

This kind of misinformation is why I get to repair stuff all the time.

This is what  I was    thinking too.....   Not sure  what you were meaning  Eric

-jay

Captainhemo

Re: Bias Question
« Reply #17 on: 18 Jul 2013, 12:33 am »
ooops, double post

Ericus Rex

Re: Bias Question
« Reply #18 on: 18 Jul 2013, 11:15 am »
Bias voltage is the voltage applied to the grid folks.

Captainhemo

Re: Bias Question
« Reply #19 on: 18 Jul 2013, 03:54 pm »
Bias voltage is the voltage applied to the grid folks.

Eric, can you  elaborate  a bit on the point  you  were making  in your previous post ?   I'd like to try to understand this a bit better to avooid  confusion   down the road 
 
 -jay

EDIT ok, been doing a bit of reading ......  am understanding ( I hope)   that  increasing the bias  is increasing the V to the  control grid    and that this  V is  neg .   Because the  electrons   being released by the cathode are also  negatively charged,   the control grid limits  the flow  of the electrons  (I) to the  plates  So Eric, I'm  understanging you saying  we're talking about  2 different things

What I am  having trouble with  is  if the above is happening  why  is it considered  that by increasing the bias, you are actually pshing a tube harder  ?
Why would  running a tube at a slightly lower bias setting   be said to   increase tube life   ? 

Confusing     
« Last Edit: 18 Jul 2013, 05:37 pm by Captainhemo »