There are a few non-iPod players listed in the iTunes help file, most of them old models. If it's listed there, it will work. Otherwise the answer is no.
There is a piece of software called BadApple that lets you sync iTunes with any digital audio player that mounts with a drive letter, but it only supports MP3 format files and hasn't been updated in two years. You should verify that it works for you before buying a player:
http://www.badfruit.com/index.html Also, the trend in recent years is for players not to support drag and drop but instead require transferring files via a music transfer protocol. Those players don't work with BadFruit either.
