A few TVs allow you to record from output jacks on the TV, but they will be Standard Definition. Most TVs only have input jacks.
It sounds like you will want to record from the Dish receiver to you laptop. The problem is that these days they try to make this difficult or expensive. Keeping in mind that the goal of the broadcasters is to keep you from recording content for your own use, especially high-definition content....On a desktop PC you would typically use a card such as the ATI All-in-wonder card or one of the newer cards on the market. The laptop will either have the appropriate card built in or you will need a type II or III card for your laptop card slot.
Unless you want to do the Slingbox thing, you may be happier with a DVD-Recorder, or a Dish DVR, the type which allows you to burn shows you record to DVD (if it exists). Then you can watch the DVDs anywhere.