Correct, start with the power amplifier connected to the speakers only, no input cables connected to the power amp. Turn it on, does it hum? If not, then you have eliminated the amp as the cause of your hum.
Turn amp off. Connect it to the preamp with no sources at all connected to the preamp. Turn both on (preamp first, amp last to prevent on thumps). Does the combination hum? Note that it might be slightly noisier with the volume control completely advanced, especially when switched to the phono inputs. This is probably normal. No hum? Preamp is not the issue.
Now turn everything off and connect the turntable. It almost always will have a separate ground wire that should be connected to the ground terminal on your preamp. Try again. If the hum comes back on the phono inputs only then the connection to the turntable is the issue. Missing a ground wire? Try and find out why. Replace interconnect cables from turntable to preamp if possible. Check phono cartridge installation. Are all the tiny wires connecting the cartridge to the headshell done properly? Let me know what you discover and I will try and help you further. You can call me at 651-330-9871 for more help if you want.
Frank Van Alstine